Report Writing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Report Writing - Assignment Example The suspect was identified as Ricky Moon, a white male, aged 22 years; with a height, 6’; weighing, 192; at the moment he was wearing blue jeans and a ski cap. The officer immediately transported him back to the bank in an attempt of finding witnesses who would help with the suspect identification. Beamer and Katz who were both present during the process of the robbery positively identified the suspect. Following the positive identification, Judge L.C Green gave out a search warrant for the green Ford pickup that was bearing a New York licence TFH 789 and at that time was being driven by Ricky Moon and later found to be registered to the same man. The following items were obtained from the truck; 38 calibre blue steel revolver having serial number of 78695, a 4-inch barrel, black rubber grips, Green money bag, top zipper of First National Bank of New York, a Blue ski cap having eye holes cut within the fabric, a pair of blue jeans with red dye stains, black boots, pump shotgun, brown wood stock having the serial number of 436790 and $5,000 in $100 bills all of this materials were found in the suspects truck and are directly related to the above stated robbery. The witnesses at the crime scene; Frank Beamer and Jo Katz testified that on 20th of January, 2008 at around 1.30 pm a robbery occurred at the First National Bank of New York. The robber who carried out the offence was described as a white man, in blue jeans, wearing black shoes, in his twenties and also wearing a fabric on the head having holes cut in the fabric. Both witnesses stated to have observed that the suspected robber was in possession of two guns and also was wearing a jacket; moreover both added that the man was either in his twenties or early thirties. However there are some of the reported attributes by the two witnesses which are contradicting like Katz reported that the suspect had black hair and blue eyes, whereas Beamer reported the suspect to be having

Final Report Essay Example for Free

Final Report Essay Information need not be passed down through physical means like mail or newspapers. It can be done through SMS (short messaging service), a phone call or even an email. Underlying such great inventions is the use of electronic devices to transmit and receive signals. Due to the demand for faster and larger data flow, complex systems such as Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) have been developed. This project is confined to the fundamental concepts used in digital communication. These key concepts include sampling, quantization and frame synchronization. The circuit designed is meant for one-way dataflow. It supports transmission by one user from any analog input. Hence, it is not necessary to select between multiple analog inputs using the frequency-division multiplexing technique. In transmitting wirelessly, a laser and photodiode are used instead of antennas. This choice is made because it is complex to build a Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) circuit. Without FSK, an antenna would need to be 75km long in order to transmit a wave of 4 kHz. 1. 2 Problem Identification In this project, a laser pointer is used to transmit analog signal wirelessly. In order to realize digital transmission, the analog signal must be converted into digital form using a Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) encoder. Before the signal can be decoded at the receiver end, frame synchronization must be achieved. Hence, a training sequence must be sent to synchronize the receiver and transmitter. Next, a Digital Phase Locked Loop (DPLL) is needed to lock on to the transmitted signal and generate clocks at the receiver end. In the final stage, the digital signal is converted back to an analog signal. This signal is then played through a speaker. 1. 3 Constraints Availability of Manpower Our main constraint lies in the shortage of manpower. Due to the complexity of the DPLL Circuit and Training Sequence Identification Circuit, more members should be allocated to these two subgroups. However, this is not possible as our group consists of only eight members. This constraint will be addressed in the implementation section of this report. Components The design of any combinational logic circuit is confined to the availability of chips (gates). In this project, we are not provided with AND and NOR gates. Hence, knowledge of Boolean algebra will aid us in realizing any logic with the universal NAND gate. In addition, the design of logic circuits also depends on the space of breadboard. Hence, minimizing the number of chips used takes higher precedence over the simplicity of design. This is to achieve compactness on the breadboard. Time A short time frame of seven weeks is given to build a laser communication system. Apart from building the prototype, our group must submit design and final reports for grading. Hence, it is critical that all group members adhere to the schedule. Further, since there are no extra lab sessions provided for testing and debugging, subgroups must build the circuits before going for the lab session. . System Design 2. 1 Project Requirements 1. 2. 048 MHz Master Clock, 64 KHz Bit Clock and 8 KHz Frame Synchronization: with rising edges aligned. 2. Clock signals into PCM encoder, training sequence generator and multiplexer. 3. Coder and decoder chips are needed for analog to digital conversion and digital to analog conversion respectively. 4. Model the photodiode as a voltage source. 5. Yield minimal noise in the photodiode circuit. 6. DPLL: Determine the value of K, N, M and constant phase difference between local clock and data sequence. 7. DPLL: Design a divide by N Counter. 8. Frame synchronization must be achieved. 9. Training Sequence must be generated. 10. A D flip-flop is required to switch training frame to data frame at the correct instance. 11. A logic circuit must be implemented to identify the training sequence at the receiver end. 12. Implement a â€Å"Divide by 8† counter to yield 8 KHz Frame Synchronization Receiver from the 64 KHz Bit Clock. 2. 2 Design of System The system consists of two functional components. They are the transmitter and receiver. In the discussion of this system, the transmitter side will be first discussed followed by the receiver end. 2. 3 Design of Transmitter The transmitter consists of several sub-blocks. These sub-blocks include the clock and counter networks, training sequence generator, switch, encoder and the laser link. 2. 3. 1 Clock and Counter Networks In this system, 2. 048MHz Master Clock (MCLK), 64 KHz Bit Clock (BCLK) and 8 KHz Frame Synchronization Signal (FSYN) are required. BCLK and FSYN are required by the training sequence generator and multiplexer (MUX) switch respectively. The encoder chip requires MCLK, BCLK and FSR. As such, the breadboard layout shown in Figure 1 is adopted. Figure 1: Breadboard Layout (Transmitter) Master Clock (MCLK) The Master Clock (MCLK) is obtained from the signal generators available in the lab. As a high speed clock is needed by the PCM encoder to function, the value of 2. 048 MHz is chosen. MCLK provides the timing signal to synchronize the other clocks in the system. In this manner, the rising edge of the generated BCLK and FSR will coincide with MCLK. Bit Clock (BCLK) The Bit Clock (BCLK) frequency is 64 KHz. This is generated by inputting MCLK into the Counter (74HC191) followed by a D Flip-flop (74HC74). BCLK is required because the frequency of bits generated by the encoder is 64 KHz. The BCLK allows the bit stream to be synchronized with the clock network. Frame Synchronization Signal (FSYN)

Henrik Isbens A Dolls House :: A Dolls House Essays

Torvald Holmer's refusal to borrow money displays the character of a proud and controlling man. Helmer provided the financial support for his family through hard work, not depending on others for money. When Torvald's law practice did not provide financially, he sought a job at the bank. After Helmer received a promotion at the bank, Nora felt they could now afford to be extravagant for Christmas. Nora says, "This is the first Christmas that we have not needed to economize." Torvald announces that his promotion is not until ". . . after the New Year," so Nora blurts out ". . . we can borrow till then." Helmer interprets Nora's spending of money as wasteful and foolish, telling her "That is like a woman! ...There can be no freedom or beauty about a home life that depends on borrowing and debt." Obviously Torvald earns and manages the money in the house, and he attributes Nora's lack of understanding of these matters to her gender. Torvald views a woman's place to beautify the home through proper management of domestic life, behavior, and appearance. Helmer demeans Nora about spending in calling her "sweet little spendthrift, but she sure uses up a deal of money . . . " After accusing Nora of being irresponsible with money, Torvald rejoices at her dependence on him stating, ". . . Is my little squirrel out of temper? ...what do you think I have here?" Nora exclaims, "Money!" Torvald finds merriment in watching her happy reaction to him giving her money, and Nora saying, ". . . Thank you, thank you, . . . " This illustrates the helplessness of Nora and her dependence on Helmer, causing him to feel in control. 8. Nora's secret crime confessed to Christine Linde, a childhood friend, had been to save her deathly ill husband's life by borrowing money. She borrowed the money from Krogstad, without getting her husband's permission. As Nora and Christine palaver about their lives, Nora explains the financial hardships they had. "...Torvald left his office . . . There was no prospect of promotion . . . during the first year he overworked himself dreadfully . . . but he could not stand it, and fell dreadfully ill, and the doctors said it was necessary for him to go south." Since he was in danger of dying, Nora's explanation was that the doctors urged them to live in the South for a year; yet they thought Helmer should not know how ill he really was.

Herman Miller Business Case Essay

1. Executive summary Herman Miller, an environmental leader in the office furniture industry that offers a wide variety of products including seating, systems furniture, filing storage, desks, tables and health care. In 1989, the company decided to adopt a triple-bottom-line philosophy, so it established and changed company’s environmental direction by adopting â€Å"Perfect Vision† initiative that targeted zero landfill, zero hazardous, waste generation, zero air and water emissions. In 1997, the company decided to implement a cradle-to-cradle (C2C) protocol based on eco-effectiveness vs. eco-efficiency and Waste equals food; which consisted of four key elements: biological and technical nutrients; green-yellow-orange list disassembly, recyclability and recycled content. The C2C approach focused on minimizing toxic pollution and reducing natural resources waste. After years of extensive work, in 2001, the company decided that it was time to implement a C2C design protocol on a product that would contain recyclable materials from beginning to end; Mirra chair project was launched. Herman Miller worked toward the design process, manufacturing, engineers, supply chain managers, manufacturing associates, design consultants, trained over 300 employees, worked with suppliers to find substitutes eco-friendly materials, performed raw material assessment, met with people from sales and marketing and discussed several options for closing the loop by recycling the material from Mirra chair. The major issue the company faced was determining the material that was going to be used for the arm-pad skin: polyvinyl chloride (PVC) versus thermoplastic urethane (TPU). PVC was known to be inexpensive and provided to be durable, scratch resistant and soft; but violated the standards of the C2C protocol. PVC had bad press due to its toxicity during manufacturing process and when it was burned or incinerated. In contrary, TPU showed that had acceptable quality characteristics; prove to be even more scratch resistant than PVC, but raw material cost was twice of PCV. Development and supply chain management teams preferred to proceed with PVC while the design for environment (DfE) team wanted to press forward with TPU. 2. Introduction 2.1 Company background Herman Milller was founded as a Michigan Start Furniture Company in 1905. In 1923 D.J. De Pree purchased it, renamed it after his father-in-law and grew the company into an internationally acclaimed furniture design house. Herman Miller is considered as one of the top four suppliers in the US office industry that offers suite office furniture including seating, systems furniture, filing, storage, desks, tables and healthcare furniture. In 2001 annuals sales were about $1.5 billion dollars. In 1989, the company decided to move toward environmental sustainability by changing company’s environmental policy and direction by adopting a cradle-to-cradle (C2C) design protocol for environmental sustainability. The cradle-to-cradle approach will emulate nature regenerative cycle at the end of the life cycle. C2C redesigned industrial processes by minimizing toxic pollution and reducing waste. In 2001, a Design for Environmental (DfE) team was formed to design and develop a new product. Mirra chair would be the most advanced and complete application of the C2C design protocol among any product manufacturer to date. 3.2 Identification of key issues facing the company * In 2002, the company suffered a decline in sales due to economic crisis and pre-internet-bubble where many of its customers cutback or dissolved. * The company realized that the ways its products were designed generated waste in the production process. * Cradle-to-grave process used by the company at the time, released toxic material into the environment. * Products were useless waste at the end of the useful lives. * The major key issue that the company faced when launching the design protocol of Mirra chair was to decide the type of material that was going to be used for the arm-pad skin: polyvinyl chloride (PVC) versus thermoplastic urethane (TPU) * Another relevant issue was the collection of Mirra chair after the end of its life cycle. DfE team were evaluating three alternatives: Herman Miller to collect chairs; retailers to collect the chairs; third party company would collect them or customer could return them directly. 3.3 Issues facing the company and/or industry * Herman Miller international market was significant. Most of Herman Miller’s customers were multi-national; therefore, tighter environmental regulations contributed to realize that the company needed to change its sustainability approach in order to stay ahead of the industry standard. * Moving toward environmental sustainability implied to review and redesign industrial processes that would generate less toxic pollution and deplete natural resources. 3.4 Opportunities for the company * Leader of residential, office furniture and workspace design. * One of top four suppliers in the U.S. office furniture industry. * Company offered innovative good designed and high quality products. * Sustainability strategy was one of their competitive advantages. * Company stay ahead of the game by setting new industry environmental standards. 3. Problem identification and analysis The company analyzed that the way their products were designed using the cradle-to-grave process released toxic material into the environment and generated waste that could be minimized or avoided. Tighter environmental regulations help to realized that in order to stay ahead of the game, they needed to change cradle-to-grave for a cradle-to-cradle process. In 2001, Herman Miller decided to implement a design protocol on a product from beginning to end, so Mirra chair project was chosen. In order to implement C2C protocol a DfE team was formed to develop environmental evaluation measures of the new product, redesign and change processes, create a database for suppliers’ materials using the Green-Yellow-Orange-Red list criteria and establish disassembly guidelines for the new product. Engineers, supply chain managers, manufacturing associates and design consultants worked together to change their processes. Over 300 employees were trained on the new design protocol. The design process was the first one to be reviewed. During the exploration phase, designers brainstormed on the basic concept of the product and outlined high-level specifications. Once the basic design was established during the development process, the product was divided into modules and different teams were assigned to each module. Each team developed a prototype of their modules, DfE team assessed the design, following the C2C protocol for material chemistry, disassembly, recyclability and recycled content. Scorecards (See annex 1) were created and feedbacks were communicated to the development team. The final DfE assessment (Annex 2) aggregated the material chemistry, disassembly, recyclability and recycled content scores for all modules and a scorecard for the final product was entered into Herman Miller’s material database for future reference. Each case was analyzed on a case-to-case basis; a final DfE score of at least 50% was typically required for product acceptance. Calculation of weight and scores were calculated using Exhibit 5 formulas and criteria (See annex 3a and 3b). The importance of these calculations was used to perform a material evaluation assessment. If final score were below 50%, the company would find alternate components that meet C2C protocol requirements or work with suppliers to find substitute inputs or completely new material. One of the major issues was the PVC material used for the arm-pad of the chair, it was classified as â€Å"red† material, and its final DfE score was 0% because of the toxins released during its manufacturing and disposal process. PVC is known to be extremely durable, scratch resistant, formable and cheap; but it doesn’t comply with the C2C protocol. Development engineers and supply chain group preferred PVC material because it was an inexpensive material and the tooling for the PVC arm pads had already been fabricated. Thermoplastic Urethane (TPU) was identified as an alternate and suitable material that meet the same product performance as PVC. Tests showed that TPU had acceptable quality characteristics and might be even more scratch resistance than PVC; however, raw material cost of TPU was twice of PCV and increased the cost of the arm pad assembly by approximately by 30%. To switch to TPU would cost over $100K in retooling or would try to modify the PVC tool to work with TPU. Modifications of the original tool were feasible, but it was unclear whether the part quality of the TPU arm pad skins would be consistent as the PVC skins. DfE team wanted to purse the use of TPU since it complies with C2C protocol. The closing loop of the Mirra chair was another relevant issue that concerned the company. Mirra team discussed several options of how to collect the recycling the material of the chair. Three basic options for collecting the chairs were identified: 1) Herman Miller could collect the chairs itself; 2) Retailers could collect them, 3) A third party company would collect them or 4) Customers could return the chairs to Herman Miller once they finished with their useful life or wanted to upgrade to newer chair models. If Herman Miller took the responsibility of collecting the used chairs, it would have to develop logistical support for handling the products coming back to the company. 4. Recommendations Based on environmental sustainability culture and the triple-bottom-line philosophy adopted by Herman Miller, I would recommend pressing forward with TPU material, which complies with C2C design protocol and continuous improvement policy of no inventory, no waste products and no waste parts and time. The company should promote a strong â€Å"PVC-free† marketing strategy to attract a bigger market share, taking into consideration that Mirra chair would be the most advanced and complete application of C2C protocol among competitors; and the first manufacturer to offer a product of its kind. Mirra chair project should be used as a base-line to determine the future of other Herman Miller’s products. If Mirra chair demonstrates to have a higher acceptance rate among customers, increased sales and elevated overall performance; the company should consider expanding its line of â€Å"green† products; or even switching from PVC products to PVC-free products over the course of the years. It is important to make a cost-benefit analysis comparing the two materials in order to have a better picture of the pros/cons and implications of any final determination. In addition, the company should hire a third party collector in order to avoid developing further logistical support and increase the cost for handling products coming back to the company at the end of its life cycle. 5. Conclusion Herman Miller’s corporate environmental goal was stated as to â€Å"become a sustainable business – manufacturing products without reducing the capacity of the environment to provide for future generations†. Therefore, final decision of pursuing PVC or TPU should be based corporate values and policies. The company needs to evaluate the possibility of the negative impact and consequences if it decides to launch a â€Å"green† product strategy but continues to include non-environmental friendly material on its products.

How Urban Centers Affect Music Development

How did the rise of urban centers and trade affect the development of music? What where those developments? The Middle Ages spanned from approximately 400 to 1400 A. D. In these times there was a lot going on historically that changed the world as we know it. I am going to write about one of those things that was responsible for altering the way that music had been developed. Mainly about the economic expansion that changed the way that music as a whole was to be defined. With the growth of the population came the progress of certain economy’s.One of these would be in agriculture. Since there was a boom of people inhabiting the areas like Italy and England there was a need to farm more and so this prompted people to come up with better ways to farm. As they boosted the agricultural output the population grew as well. This led the possibilities of the expanding population to be able to pursue other forms of work and other different long distance trading opportunities. This gave more free time to be more creative in the arts. Does this affect the development of music? Yes, it has a huge affect!Instead of music being mostly just a thing of the church it gave the people the time to explore their own interest in music. Individuals got to be more creative and actually were seeking employment in these different subjects. Instead of just being confined to music of the church they would teach music or put on shows. With the economy expanding as it was there was a market for the more wealthy couples to want to go be entertained and see live performances. There was also more experimentation of different kinds of music which sparked things like musicians being more creative about their music making.Music was also regularly being put into written form so that it was available to more and more people. Unlike when music was stuck solely in the church. Music was affected by the explosion of the economy in the middle ages and love of music and expression was available to more and more people. This is still true to this day. Sources: The Middle Ages Dr. Maureen Miller http://chnm. gmu. edu/courses/westernciv/video/miller1. html Medieval Guilds Gary Richardson, University of California, Irvine http://eh. net/encyclopedia//article/richardson. guilds

Ambrosia Gibboney Essays (716 words) - English Modal Verbs

Ambrosia Gibboney Essays (716 words) - English Modal Verbs Ambrosia Gibboney Freshmen seminar Meredith V icente Friday December 9, 2016 Dear Prospective Learning Strategies Student , There are some differences between the assistive programs for kids with learning disabilities at the high school level and the college level. I would know this because I have been in the high schools assistive program throughout my entire high school experience. I am also in the project assist program at Cumberland country college. The program I was in at the high school I attended helped me a lot. If I had a problem , I would talk to my case manager and she would work the problem out for me and come up with a solution. In college that is not the case. In college, you have to be a good self-advocate, if you need help you have to ask for it. This is very important because the professors and staff aren't going to be holding your hand and making sure you're doing ok in school. In college, you have a lot of freedom which can be good and bad at times. If you don't get your homework done or if you need help because your failing a class and you don't a sk, that's all on you. Being a good self-advocate and literally save your college career. Now once you have signed up for project assist. It is your job to find out what accommodations and assistive technologies they have that can help your college experience run smoothly. Some of the accommodations and assistive technologies they have are, tutoring in all subjects, writing lab, computer lab, recording devices and many more to suit your specific needs. I used tutoring because the biggest struggle I have is math. It is a requirement for me to have college level math to get into radiography. I struggled from day one of my math class and I immediately asked for help because if I failed I would have to repeat it again. Repeating a class again can get very expensive and failing a class brings down your GPA. So, I contacted my advisor and got signed up for math tutoring and now I am passing class. You are going to need some strategies to help you learn those hard to remember lectures and h . w assignments. One of the strategies I used was I took lots of notes in my math class. I w ould write down everything she wrote on the board. Since I took lots of notes I put the chapter and page number at the top of each section. Than when new sections came up I would draw a line and start on a new topic. I would use as much of the page as possible instead of using a new page for every individual topic because that would waste my paper and buying note books can get expensive. If I already knew a lot about a topic I would write down bits and pieces of the topic just in case I forgot and needed to refresh my memory. Another strategy I used was if I had to read a chapter in a book for homework I would muscle read. First, I would preview what I was reading like read the main title and the other subtopic titles. Than I would turn the titles into questions. After turning the titles into questions, I would write them down and read threw. Once I found the answers to my questions I would write them down. I would review my questions and answers until my next class. This helped me remember what I was reading. College can be fun and fulfilling but it also can be stressful and scary. All things worth doing aren't going to be easy and it's not the end of the world if things don't go the way you want them to. College isn't easy and isn't for everyone. There is nothing wrong with not going to college. Another good tip is to make friends and connections while you're here because they can help you later one in life. All in all, college is an experience worth having, you can be anything you want all you have to do is try.

POSITION PAPER Essays - Economy, Child Labour, Childhood

POSITION PAPER Essays - Economy, Child Labour, Childhood POSITION PAPER Committee: The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Country: Pakistan Topic I I : Combating Child Labour in Developing Countries Unfortunately Pakistan states that its poverty has been identified as the root cause of child labour by various studies. In spite of its susceptibility to various health outcomes, the child labourers are reluctant to utilise the available health services. Reasons include monetary, long waiting time and attitude of the health providers. Provision of education, especially female education, along with work and infrastructure investment in basic amenities have been suggested as possible interventions. Pakistan records itself among the countries with a high prevalence of child labour and low rates of school participation particularly for girls. Pakistan's school attendance rate is lower than many of its South Asian neighbours. The most recent International Labour Organization (ILO) estimates, based on the national Labour Force Survey 2010-2011 and revealed in the latest publication titled Understanding Children's Work (UCW) in South Asia indicate that 5.7 million 10-17-year-olds, representing almost 20% of all children in the age group, are labourers, with more than two-thirds of those engaged within the agricultural sector in Pakistan. A similar proportion are in unpaid family work. Of the 15-17 year age group, 13.5% are engaged in hazardous work. Children, especially girls, are employed as domestic servants and may be subjected to extreme abuse. Non-state groups kidnap children or coerce parents into giving away their children to spy, fight, or die in suicide atta cks . These children are subjected to physical, sexual, and psychological abuse . Pakistan states that no child would want to face the extremities of child labour in such places but they are left with no other option. The reasons for this type of obligation upon oneself are along the lines of leaving home included; poverty, peers/friends influence and violence, behaviour of the parents, and drug addiction. These children and youths were mostly part of a group that Pakistan was highly dependant on for future generation build. While investigating the criminal record of the street children, it was found that the majority had an arrest record (51.7%). Most (78.1%) were illiterate and only a small proportion knew some type of technical work (14.1%). The major source of income was cleaning/washing cars (39.4%), followed by garbage collection/scavenging (23.1%), begging (11.5%), working in hotels/shops as labourers (7.6%). In order to improve the condition of child labour, a multi-pronged strategy is required. Action at various fronts may include poverty alleviation, ensuring the provision of education especially to female children, establishment of codes of conduct and standards for child labour, involvement of trade unions, corporate social responsibility, legal protection, services provision for rehabilitation of child labour, advocacy involving all stakeholders, appropriate data collection and monitoring along with capacity-building of relevant public or private organisat ions, and action-based research is something that Pakistan as a country hopes to have it achieved. In 2013, Pakistan made a moderate advancement in efforts to eliminate the worst forms of child labour . Provincial governments of the delegation finalized national plans of action on child labour and bonded labour . In Punjab, District Vigilance Committees were re-established to combat bonded labour , including bonded labour of children. The Federal Investigation Agency also improved coordination among law enforcement groups to better track human traffickers and took action against officials complicit in human trafficking as Pakistan had started its patrolling . Interventions for improving the current situation of child labour in Karachi are being carried out by both private and public organisations in Karachi. At the government level, particularly noteworthy are countrywide centres for working children rehabilitation, established in 1995 with the name of National Centre for Rehabilitation of Child Labour (NCsRCL) by the Pakistan Bait-ul-Mal, whic h is a welfare found created throng by the government in 1991. These centres are working for the rehabilitation of those children, who are removed from labour work due to the involvement in hazardous occupation. However, proper maintenance and record-keeping need to be promoted at these centres. The delegation of Pakistan has v arious private organisations that have established some drop-in centres which provide basic health and education facilities for children, including primary healthcare, washing and bathing, provision of food and medications, vocational trainings

Homemade Stink Bomb Recipe and Science

Homemade Stink Bomb Recipe and Science Make your own homemade stink bombs using this easy stink bomb recipe. The stink bombs are as stinky as those youd get at the store and can be made with common household ingredients. Homemade Stink Bomb Ingredients You only need three materials for this project. The stink comes from the reaction between the chemicals in the matches and the ammonia. While any container that can be sealed will work, a plastic bottle is recommended because it wont break. However, another easy option is to use a plastic zip-top baggie. Book of matches (20 matches)Household ammoniaEmpty 20-ounce plastic bottle with cap Make the Stink Bomb Use scissors or a knife to carefully cut the heads off of a book of matches. Dont cut yourself.Place the match heads inside the empty 20-oz bottle. Add about 2 tablespoons of household ammonia.Seal the bottle and swirl the contents around.Wait 3-4 days before uncapping the bottle. After this time your stink bomb will be ready to be opened.Uncap the bottle when youre ready to release the stink. Stink Bomb Facts and Safety This stink bomb forms ammonium sulfide,(NH4)2S, which is the same chemical used in commercial prank or trick stink bombs. The ammonium sulfide is produced as a result of a reaction between hydrogen sulfide and ammonia: H2S 2 NH3 → (NH4)2S The vapor is flammable and associated with hydrogen sulfide gas (rotten egg smell that is toxic in high concentrations), so only make/use the stink bomb in a well-ventilated area, away from heat and flames. Adult supervision is recommended. More Stink Bomb Recipes Disclaimer: Please be advised that the content provided by our website is for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. Fireworks and the chemicals contained within them are dangerous and should always be handled with care and used with common sense. By using this website you acknowledge that ThoughtCo., its parent About, Inc. (a/k/a Dotdash), and IAC/InterActive Corp. shall have no liability for any damages, injuries, or other legal matters caused by your use of fireworks or the knowledge or application of the information on this website. The providers of this content specifically do not condone using fireworks for disruptive, unsafe, illegal, or destructive purposes. You are responsible for following all applicable laws before using or applying the information provided on this website.

Paper analysis Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Paper analysis - Coursework Example The theory of human motivation and hierarchy of human needs influences nursing by enhancing an understanding of the individual and environmental factors of patients’ medical conditions. For example, in regards to Maslows’ safety needs, some patients go to hospital seeking to be checked whether they have contracted a bacteria from a person who was coughing or sneezing near them. This can be the fear of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and a nurse can notice it using the knowledge of this theory and decide on how to reassure the patient of his or her safety (George, 2011). The theory of personality development influences nursing by strengthening nurses’ understanding of patient behavior and development. For example, locomotor theory is Erickson’s theory of personality development that can help pediatricians understand the behavior of children especially their desire to control their body functions and the environment. The theory of personality development like that of Sigmund Freud can help nurses understand sources of certain malignancies that can be evident in patients and hence they can enhances response to such patients’ conditions. Persons who are at different stages of personality development view health factors differently and nurses can use this knowledge for example to invite parent’s monitoring in a child’s condition (MacKenna & Slevin, 2008). Communication theory influences nursing by facilitating compassionate patient care through the use of words and behaviors that demonstrate care and concern for patient’s issues. The theory provides nurses with the knowledge of effective communication that they can use to obtain patient information, use it to understand the patient’s condition and give appropriate feedback. The theory can equip nurses with an understanding of the different patterns and attitudes that are an important element in interpersonal relationships. For example nurses can use the knowledge of

Discuss the skills needed to develop into a successful university Essay

Discuss the skills needed to develop into a successful university student - Essay Example In the age of information technology a student should develop skills in web based learning for better academic performances. Academic skills like effective communication, effective perception, effective presentation and desirable writing and problem solving are essential factors in university level. Unlike school education, university education provides new instructional strategies and learning environment for students. Therefore, effective communication and perception contribute better academic results and professional success. Tom burns and Sandra Sinfields made some relevant studies in the field of skills needed for a university student. They remark; â€Å"In order to help you develop successful assessment techniques, we devote a whole long section to effective communication where we look at essays, reports, presentations and seminars and other assessment engines† (Burns, Sinfield, 2008, p.18). It is significant to mention that leadership quality and problem solving ability have close association with effective communication skills. Generally, academic skills offered a new insight and energy for a student’s academic qualities for managing new atmosphere. Self- discipline is an essential skill for a successful university student and it helps the students to manage time. Ability in critical thinking is another significant skill that needed to develop in to a successful university student. Sophia Scott and Doug Koch argue that â€Å"Government, business, vocational, and technology education leaders have increasingly called for more emphasis in the classroom on higher order thinking† (Scott, Koch, 2010). In addition, one can see that critical thinking is essential for a university student in forming a socially acceptable behaviour. One has the responsibility to act as a good citizen for that nation. So skills of critical thinking and analysis prevent one in all kinds of illegal activities. Self-discipline and

Mayos Theory of Management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mayos Theory of Management - Coursework Example At present, ethical issues have evolved as an essential component of corporate responsibility that business houses are not allowed to avoid (Conjecture Corporation, 2011). Mayo’s theory of management and its related issues have been proved to be directly impacting the business’ performances as it helps in satisfying stakeholders’ demands with respect to monetary benefits. On the other hand, keeping the workers unknown about the changes in working environment is not a good idea towards adhering to the ethical practices because workers are also important stakeholders of the businesses (Draper, 2010). Hiding information about the workplace changes by the managers will directly impact upon the relationship of trust between managers and workers. Precision or maintaining transparency with the workers by the managers is probably the best method of building and sustaining the trust. In the case of keeping the workers unknown about changes for increasing their productivity, managers can be accused of not being transparent towards their workers (Sims, 1992). Moreover, the managers can also be accused of not respecting the workers’ work if they hide information about the workplace from the workforce. When the workers come to know about the changes in their working environment after their performances being evaluated, they can develop distrust about their managers as a result of which it might lead to adverse consequences in the future (Huffmon, 2011). Thirdly, the managers can be accused of not following the modern mode of working as team within the organization. The charges against the manger can arise from the workforce who was kept unknown by them about the workplace changes (Huffmon, 2011). The consequences of the above measures toward workers from the part of the managers can ultimately distract the social system, which is believed to be created (evident from the conclusion of the Hawthorne experiment).

The Canadian Fur Trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Canadian Fur Trade - Essay Example Westward and northward exploration in what is now Canada was inextricably linked with the twin desiderata of a profitable fur trade and an easy passage through North America to the Pacific and thus to the rich trade of the Orient. Voyaging into the Hudson Bay region, British explorers failed to locate the easy passage to the South Sea but did discover an abundant fur resource. Similarly, the French, from their colonial base of New France in the St. Lawrence Valley, searched westward for a passage to China and discovered instead a potential fur trade that would dominate the economy of their North American colony. Just before the establishment of the Hudson's Bay Company by the British in 1670, the geographical information obtained by explorers searching for the Pacific was joined with economic data on the fur trade. "Two Frenchmen [Pierre Radisson and Sieur de Groseilliers] who have lived long in Canada & have been up in ye great lakes that lye in the midst of that part of America" informed English merchants that they had discovered a plentiful fur resource in the Great Lakes region; they added, "There is great hope of finding some passage through those Lakes into the South Sea."

Project Management - Scheduling, Resources, and Budgeting (U3DB) Essay

Project Management - Scheduling, Resources, and Budgeting (U3DB) - Essay Example For example, when individual activities are assigned relevant human, material or other resources, they are treated independently and concurrency of resource usage is not assumed. It is only when resources are placed alongside activities inside the schedule that their over or under utilization becomes evident. Scheduling alternatives present varying levels of resource usage and optimization. In this phase, over or under-allocated resources can be identified and their usage smoothed out using techniques such as resource levelling (Heldman, 2005, p. 271). Resource scheduling is also important in that it can determine whether the project can be completed within the specified end date in the schedule. The project manager may not have enough resources to finish tasks on the critical path in time despite optimization in allocation. Tradeoffs between costs and time of completing the project have to be taken using techniques such as crashing. Important budgetary and business decisions can be taken including hiring of additional sources, outsourcing or negotiating a reduction in the scope of the project (Richman, 2002, p. 117) . Multi-project resource scheduling requires project management capabilities at a different and a more complex dimension. Lead project managers typically take an enterprise level view of the project rather than at each individual project within it. Project control also takes a new dimension with individual project managers taking larger responsibility for their own domains and coordinating through effective communication with the core group managing the project (Barkley, 2006, p. 62). For example, if 5 aircrafts are being manufactured for a single airline simultaneously in a manufacturing facility, each aircraft unit would be a separate project together forming one larger multi-project for that order. Outsourcing can also take place in various forms. It can be inter-departmental

Facebook Effect on College Applicants and Employees Essay

Facebook Effect on College Applicants and Employees - Essay Example As such, Face book has a wide range of uses and effects in the society. The uses entail social, entertainment, business, political, and academic applications. However, these effects are not universally accepted and hence there is always a debate on possible effects of Face book in the modern world. So, does Face book have any effect on college applicants and employees? Ideally, Face book has significant effects on college applicants and employees. This paper addresses the effect of Face book on college applicants and employees citing informed reasons with detailed evidence. Face book Effect on College Applicants Indeed, most Face book users are teens who are would be college students and the actual college students. They use face book to establish online friendships, establish groups of teens with common interests, or from the same college, socialize, share important information relating to their school life, and informing on various college opportunities and required qualifications. Hence, the effects of face book on college applicants are undeniable. Various colleges are now posting the required qualifications to join those colleges online and specifically on Face book. This is relevant in the fact that these colleges are also offering online lessons and hence it is only fair to post these qualifications online. Interested parties via face book subsequently leading to college applications relevantly share this information. Hence, college applicants derive college information from Face book prior to college applications. In addition, there are an increased number of admission officials using Face book to analyze college applicants.

Project Management - Scheduling, Resources, and Budgeting (U3DB) Essay

Project Management - Scheduling, Resources, and Budgeting (U3DB) - Essay Example For example, when individual activities are assigned relevant human, material or other resources, they are treated independently and concurrency of resource usage is not assumed. It is only when resources are placed alongside activities inside the schedule that their over or under utilization becomes evident. Scheduling alternatives present varying levels of resource usage and optimization. In this phase, over or under-allocated resources can be identified and their usage smoothed out using techniques such as resource levelling (Heldman, 2005, p. 271). Resource scheduling is also important in that it can determine whether the project can be completed within the specified end date in the schedule. The project manager may not have enough resources to finish tasks on the critical path in time despite optimization in allocation. Tradeoffs between costs and time of completing the project have to be taken using techniques such as crashing. Important budgetary and business decisions can be taken including hiring of additional sources, outsourcing or negotiating a reduction in the scope of the project (Richman, 2002, p. 117) . Multi-project resource scheduling requires project management capabilities at a different and a more complex dimension. Lead project managers typically take an enterprise level view of the project rather than at each individual project within it. Project control also takes a new dimension with individual project managers taking larger responsibility for their own domains and coordinating through effective communication with the core group managing the project (Barkley, 2006, p. 62). For example, if 5 aircrafts are being manufactured for a single airline simultaneously in a manufacturing facility, each aircraft unit would be a separate project together forming one larger multi-project for that order. Outsourcing can also take place in various forms. It can be inter-departmental

Client agreement letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Client agreement letter - Essay Example The solution will be clear and simple to understand. Our proposed Fast Works MVP will be a validated solution to on the basis of customer assessment and a comprehensive analysis of the prevailing market according to their savings and retail investments (Greenberg, 2009). On the client’s part, the clients have accepted to provide the information relating to the GE contacts of the frequent suppliers. It is indeed the responsibility of the responsibility of the clients to provide us with the information about their financial positions and their aspirations. We expect the clients to honest and frank about the level of risk that they can withstand in their investments. The clients have accepted to give us a written consent to reach the providers of their present financial plans and their suppliers. Additionally, the clients will sign the agreement on fees and product prices apart from providing the date of signage on the fee agreement. None of our solutions in the present collection costs more than US$200. Clients have accepted to give the details of user acceptance for the tests on services delivered and the prototypes of the solutions. They have accepted that they know where the solution can be accessed and how they can pay for them according to the prices and tariffs (Harrigan and Miles, 2014). The tests on the prototypes will be documented to be read together with the Client Agreement. Now about confidentiality and data protection, we will collect the data concerning the client’s circumstances in the process of our fact-finding. We will keep the clients’ sensitive information securely and confidentially, including the names, addresses and credit card details and will only be able to disclose them with their consents. The data integrity will be enforced within the relational database used to store the clients and suppliers information. The GE issues and problems will

Keeping kosher in a contemporary world Essay Example for Free

Keeping kosher in a contemporary world Essay Every religion found under the face of the earth where human beings live has its practical dimension. This is allowed because this practical dimension of a religion majority defines this religion, providing a bit of uniqueness hence distinguishing this religion from others. One of the aspects found in the practical dimension is the diet. Some religious like Judaism have dietary laws that govern consumption of nutrients of human that happen to be embraces of the religion. Kosher if viewed as a dietary practice of the Judaism religion, this is the proper choices and preparation of foods as pertains to the ancient Jewish ritual and dietary regulations. Kosher is food that is conformed to strictly-stated Jewish biblical laws which involve not only to the variety of food consumed but to the types of food that combinable at a single meal (e. g. daily and meat products re not miscible) alternatively, it would be rightly noted that Kesher is food that would be considered fit for consumption as pertains to the biblical and rabbinic dietary regulations which are electively known as Kashnet (Shternshis, Anna, 2006). Kosher has its origin traced back during exodus of the Jews from Egypt after 400 years of slavery. Kosher, a basic content requirement in traced bank during exodus of the Jews from Egypt after 400 years of slavery. Kosher, a basic content requirement in kashnut is among the laws derived from the torah books of Deuteronomy and Leviticus with their details given in the oral law. The reason for adoption of such a king of regulation s not clearly stated in the torah and therefore there are various reasons sourced from different perspectives. These perspectives range from ritualistic and philosophical to practical and hygienic. Religions like Islam also have different but related systems like herbal. Kosher food, having firm principles and requirements depicting the value and worth of being properly preserved to be passed even form one generation to the other, has great attraction to many people. Whether a conservative Jew or a reformed Jew there is an utter need and essence to main kosher as a dietary precise. It should be strictly adhered to on the basis that it’s a mater of religious obligation though modernly, this is no longer binding. The contemporary Jews have portrayed a different way of observance to dietary practices as pertains to keshnut. However, these contemporary folds of Jews maintain and follow some sections of the laws. Some subset of laws maintained by this folk are: abstinence from pork/shellfish, avoiding taking milk with meat as a dish. Likewise many observe some bit of kashnut on kosher at have whole no objections taking meals in a restaurant that does not observe kosher values. Another group of these contemporary Jews will strictly adhere to these dietary laws when eating out yet when at home. They would observe none On the perseverance of the kosher, the Jewish family who the examinant members are embracing the utterly adhering to the judicial religion is divided into two major groups. These groups all agree and admit the fact that kosher should be kept alive and burning in their culture and day to day religious norms. However the conflict arises whereby one group believes that kosher should be kelp just as it is, a whole of it and continue in practices. While the other group feels kosher should only be kept considering some specific aspects. The traditional learning function that really advocates for the perseverance and observance of the utter kosher practices does so with their main reasons being: the desire to absolutely maintain this dietary practice in an authentic way with no modernizations whatsoever. Subsequently the faction advocating for the perseverance of particular parts of base their view on an opinion that there are various technological advancements hence some parts of this practice and food are made in these newly introduced and adopted forms. This faction argues that observance of kosher should be done in a non-binding way. This faction argues that observance of kosher should be done in non-binding way. This wing introduces ethical kosher as it is even patched in different part of the world. The faction therefore embraces as opinion that fitness of food is wholly dependent on how it is ethically; produced especially in relation to its impact on the people and the world as a whole. This faction is for the view that maintenance of kosher is basically for the companion and contrast to other cultures on dietary basis.

Influence of Trade Unions on Collective Bargaining

Influence of Trade Unions on Collective Bargaining Critically Evaluate Trade Union Strategies to increase the influence of collective bargaining with Multi National Corporations as a means of regulating terms and conditions of employment To reply the question above, firstly we should know what are trade unions? The answer to that is, A trade union (British ) or labor union (American) is an organization of labourers who have bonded together to achieve same goals such as better working conditions. The labour union, through its leadership, bargain with the multinationals on behalf of trade union members and negotiates worker contracts (collective bargaining) with employers. This may include the negotiation of pay, work rules, complaint procedures, rules governing hiring, firing and promotion of workers, benefits, workplace safety and policies. The agreement negotiated by the trade union leaders are binding on the rank and file members and the employer and in some cases on other non-member workers. (First published by George Allen and Unwin Ltd (London) in 1952, and subject of reprints Foreword by Arthur Deakin) Discovered in Europe, trade unions became famous in many countries during the Industrial Revolution, when the lack of skill necessary to perform most jobs shifted employment bargaining power almost completely to the employers side, causing many workers to be mistreated and underpaid. Labour union organizations may be consist of individual workers, professionals, past workers, or the unemployed. The most common, but by no means only, purpose of these organizations is maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment. Published by Batch worth Press (London) in 1949 In last 300 years, many trade unions has developed in different form, influenced be different political parties for their objectives which include Provision of benefits to members, Collective bargaining Trade unions put many efforts in collective bargaining with multinational organizations. Now what collective bargaining is? Collective bargaining is a process between employers and workers to reach a decision regarding the rights and duties of workers at work. Collective bargaining aims to reach a collective agreement which usually sets out issues such as employees pay, working hours, training, health and safety, and rights to participate in workplace or company affairs. During the bargaining process, employees are typically represented by a trade union. The union may negotiate with a one employer (who is typically representing a companys shareholders) or may negotiate with a federation of businesses, depending on the country, to reach an industry wide agreement. Buidens, Wayne, and others. Collective Gaining: A Bargaining Alternative. Phi Delta Kappan 63 (1981): 244-245 A collective agreement work as a labor contract between an employer and one or more unions. Collective bargaining is a process of negotiation between members of a labour union and employers (generally represented by management, in some countries by an employers organization) in respect of the terms and conditions of employment of employees, such as wages, hours of work, working conditions and grievance-procedures, and about the rights and responsibilities of trade unions. The parties often refer to the result of the negotiation as a collective bargaining. Answering the question Trade Union Strategies to increase the influence of collective bargaining with Multi National Corporations as a means of regulating terms and conditions of employment Moving further we have to evaluate trade union strategies to increase the influence of collective bargaining by enlarging maturity of collective bargaining implies larger of the rational wayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ This reasonable procedure involves the employee, employer, and union settling on the basis of facts rather than name-calling, table pounding, and emotionalism (Sloane, Witney, 203-204). Therefore, in order to make collective bargaining more rational certain procedure are taken in to action. Edward Peters has written a guide to better negotiating titled Strategy and Tactics in Labor Talks. In this book he suggest good wayss for obtaining a more rational negotation. The first important step toward better bargaining is to realize the essential purpose of talks and importance of talks. In a bargaining conflict, there are three main activities in which each party is involved: (1) attempt to impress each other, the workers, and public opinion by advocating the merits of their current pos itions; (2) indicate bonding to each other; and (3) explore the prospectus, in terms of each others maximum and minimum expectancies, of a settlement without an economic contest, or, at worst, a contest of minimum duration (Peters, Edward, 41). Peters says that cosmopolitan bargainers often underestimate the importance of good preparation and presentation of their position because they feel that these are just window dressing for the harsh realities of economic strength (Peters, 42). It is true that economic strength is important, but a position reinforced by logic and reason can often exert a crucial influence (Peters, 42). Another step toward better talks is preparation and the setting of realistic goals. Peters states that the pragmatic or impracticality of a collective bargaining goal is a matter of foresight, not something to be determined by hindsight (Peters, 60). An example of this that pertains to management is that sometimes there are items that a labour union cannot and w ill not grant. If management does not prepare enough and makes the assumption that the union can and will negotiate on any proposal submitted by management, they risk the possibility of strikes. There are many other issues overwhich trade unions may agreee to lose a plant in an economic contest rather than endanger itself with a big group (Peters, 60). If the administrations set more realistic goals then the results may not be that harmful. In order to set realistic goals, a criteria for realistic goals must be established. Most conveyour, according to Peters, would agree that a realistic goal, to be attained without an economic contest, must be based on the following minimum considerations: (1) has the other party the ability to grant the issue? The employer must be able to grant the issue without any serious damage to operations. The union must be able to grant the issue without issue without serious internal injury, or any danger to an organization, or losing out to a rival union ; also wi thout seriously impairing its external relationships in the labor movement, or with other employers; are you warranted, by your strength, in setting such a goal? (3) Is your goal within the bargaining expectancy of the other party? This last point may be disregarded only if you are ready to wage an economic contest for your minimum goal (Peters, 61-62). These criteria should be fully examined before setting any goal or pressing any issue in a labor negotiation. Priorities must be established and ranked in order of impact and importance (Richardson, Reed C., 128). Even though setting realistic goals help in talks, a course of action must be pursued in order to obtain those goals. Prestige plays an essential role in talks. Reputation is an intangible quality in the sense that it is a symbol-a symbol of the potential and actual strengths of the parties in all of their relationships. Prestige reflects itself in the relationship of the parties to eac h other and especially to the employee in the plant. A unions basic strength lies in the support of its own membership (Peters, 85-86). Other factors that affect during talks are sign language, fringe issues, and negotiable factors. However, the most important tactics take place before the actual talks. Conveyour who approach the bargaining bench without sufficient factual information to handle the growing complexities of labor relationsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦operate at a distinct disadvantage (Sloane, Witney, 213). Most larger unions and almost all major corporations today have their own research departments to gather data and conduct surveys. Only if both parties research and establish a framework for talks can they successfully obtain results within their range of acceptability. With this in mind, collective bargaining can mature to its desired rationality in the management-labor relationship. Conclusion By carefully reading the above matter we can say that cooperation plays an important and crucial role for the relationship between management and its employees and their trade union representatives and though it is not surprising that internationalization of management through the multinational cooperations and had adverse impact on the relationship and trade union strategies. There are several dimensions and concern of the trade union with respect to the multinational cooperations. There are number of advantages acquiring to the firms as their multinational nature. To counteract the strength of these multinational, trade union organizations have developed new institutional structures and strategic thrust. Trade union strengthing, legal regulation and cross national cooperative strategies are explored as they occur at every level of trade union movement. And the central role of these trade unions strategies is to the development of trade union bargaining capabilities. Words: 1480

war :: essays research papers

The cries of joy were deafening as people gathered in the streets. People ran around hugging and kissing strangers. In a sense, the news was totally unexpected. Japan had just surrendered. VJ Day, as it is now called, produced great celebration. Everyone was relieved that we would not have to endure a bloody invasion of Japan. We would not have to sacrifice 200,000 more men to end the war. During the war, millions of lives were put on hold. Now that the war is over, people could start living their lives again. "The misery is behind us," they would say. "We have won the war." In reality, though, there are no winners in war; only losers. Even the "winners" are actually losers. Both sides in any conflict suffer losses. The question is not who won the most, but who lost the least. The "winners" of WWII suffered staggering losses. Even the U.S., which did not have its own homeland ravaged by the war, suffered great losses. Besides the $360 billion price tag ($3,578 billion in today’s dollars), there were 292,131 Americans killed (not to mention the 115,185 "non-battle deaths"). There were also 670,846 Americans wounded. This, of course, does not take into account the emotional toll of shattered lives and marriages. Yes, we "won" because we survived the war declared on us by Japan and Germany. Yes, we "won" because we saved the world from plummeting into a very dark and desperate era. Yes, we "won" because we saved over 100 million people from certain death and several hundred million people from oppression and torture. If Japan and Germany had not been defeated, the losses to America (and the rest of the world) would have been far more substantial. So, in comparison, we did "win." Don’t get me wrong; I’m not an anti-war protestor. I feel there is a definite need for a strong national defense. I feel it is important for our country to be able to defend herself. I also believe that there is the unfortunate need for the U.S. to defend the oppressed and defenseless of the world. Although I don’t like the U.S. being the guardian of the world, there is a moral obligation to protect the defenseless when there is wholesale genocide and torture taking place. Of course, history has shown us there is a right way and a wrong way to intervene in foreign problems. The reason I bring this up is because we all have our own private "wars.

Privatization vs Public Sector

What is privatization? It is the process of transferring ownership of a  business, enterprise, agency, public service or public property from the  public sector  (a government) to the  private sector, either to a business that operates for a profit or to a  non-profit organization. The term can also mean government outsourcing  of services or functions to private firms, What is public sector undertaking? In India, public sector undertaking (PSU) is a term used for a government-owned corporation (company in the public sector). From my point of view, privatization is going to be a remedy for the financial ailments of our public sector undertaking.Let’s discuss some factors about these two types of organizations. 1. Performance. Public sector undertaking tends to be  bureaucratic. A political government may only be motivated to improve a function when its poor performance becomes politically sensitive. 2. Increased efficiency. Private companies and firms have a grea ter incentive to produce more  goods and services  for the sake of reaching  customer satisfaction  and hence increasing profits. A public organization would not be as productive due to the lack of financing allocated by the entire government's budget that must consider other areas of the economy. . Specialization. A private  business  has the ability to focus all relevant human and financial resources onto specific functions. A public sector undertaking does not have the necessary resources to  specialize  its goods and services as a result of the general products provided to the greatest number of people in the  population. 4. Corruption. A public sector undertaking is prone to  corruption; decisions are made primarily for political reasons, personal gain of the decision-maker, rather than economic ones.Corruption in a public sector undertaking affects the ongoing asset stream and company performance, whereas any corruption that may occur during the privatizati on process is a one-time event and does not affect ongoing cash flow or performance of the company. 5. Accountability. Managers of privately owned companies are accountable to their owners/shareholders and to the consumer, and can only exist and thrive where needs are met. Managers of publicly owned companies are required to be more accountable to the broader community and to political â€Å"stakeholders†.This can reduce their ability to directly and specifically serve the needs of their customers, and can bias investment decisions away from otherwise profitable areas. 6. Goals. A political government tends to run an industry or company for  political  goals rather than  economic  ones. 7. Capital. Privately held companies can sometimes more easily raise investment capital in the financial markets. public sector undertaking industries have to compete with demands from other government departments and special interests. 8. Lack of market discipline.Poorly managed publi c sector undertaking companies are insulated from the same discipline as private companies, which could go bankrupt, have their management removed, or be taken over by competitors. Publicly owned enterprises in competitive environments would not perform better than privately owned companies in the same circumstances in terms of profitability, Privatization reduces the net transfer to public sector undertaking from government as unnecessary subsidies. These transfers become positive if the government actually starts collecting taxes from privatized firms. Thank you.

Difference between a School and University Essay

There are many inevitable changes and transformations that a person can experience all throughout his/her life. Having a really good education is one of the greatest gifts that parents can give to their children. Moreover, entering a university is already an opportunity these days. In my case, I have given the chance to enter a university that helped me practiced my academic freedom and at the same, understanding my needs. There are many differences that occur during a high school education and a college education. I came from a private high school that mostly speaks Spanish. All of my classes are in Spanish and majority of the students came from the same culture. There is almost no diversity in terms of people, culture and language. But more than that, a very distinct rule that was implemented in our high school is regarding the grading system. Teachers and parents have a very strong relationship that is why, they were able to control over school time and the way classes should be handled and if a student misses on any of her assignments, she can easily have a make up exam. Since the school was private, there was an air of exclusivity amongst the school grounds and it was regarded dearly. When I entered the university, there were many changes that took place. It was very shocking at first but I have to cope up with it. First of all, the university that I attended to was public and all the classes were taught in English. Moreover, in high school, the student body does not partake in more important matters about the school whereas in college, the student body does not take part in school matters but it is also highly respected. And since it is a public university, it was filled with different people from various cultures and places. Another difference that I experienced in college is the fact that parents do not have a strong authority over the school so they are not involved in the management of classes and time. Because of this situation, they cannot just access the grades of the students and if they want to, they still have to ask permission from the student. Lastly, missed exams are hard to get so you really have to manage your time and study very hard. Along with the decision to go into a public university are the transformations and changes that I was obliged to adapt to. In high school, I was highly dependent on my parents for my primary needs but since stepping into college, I was made to watch over me. I am no longer dependent on my parents for my needs; I should now work for them. But the real challenge that I faced was handling my time between being a wife and a mother and being a student. It is a very time consuming and tiring responsibility but I am happy to say that I am handling it very well. The changes and challenges that I faced from high school through college is one of the most memorable experiences in my entire life. Admittedly, it was really shocking at first but I learned to cope up with it. The fact that I am now in an environment that is filled with very different people means that I should learn to have a hard face in dealing with their moods and personalities. Moreover, since I am now a family person, the biggest challenge that life posted on me was how to balance my time so that I will excel in both aspects. With this realization in mind, I learned to manage my time very well and at the same time, keeping track of my family. I learned to become a different woman. I discovered new talents and potentials that I never thought I had. Going to college opened my eyes to different views and opportunities in life. More than that, I consider this to be a great achievement because there are only few people who can excel in academics and at the same time, a full woman.

Disadvantages of socio medical model

Do biomedical models of Illness make for good healthcare systems? Introduction Cultural and professional models of illness Influence declslons on Individual patients and delivery of health care. The biomedical model of illness, which has dominated health care for the past century, cannot fully explain many forms of illness. This failure stems partly from three assumptions: all illness has a single underlying cause, disease (pathology) is always the single cause, and removal or attenuation of the disease will result In a return to health.Evidence exists that all three assumptions are wrong. We describe the problems with current models and describe a new model, derived from the World Health Organization's international classification of functioning framework. 1 2 that provides a more comprehensive. less biologically dependent account of illness. Importance of models for understanding illness The model of illness adopted by society can have important consequences.In the first world war, for example, soldiers complaining of symptoms after experiencing evere stresses were sometimes shot as malingerers, but today they are considered victims and eligible for financial settlements Social acceptance that a behaviour or reported symptom constitutes an Illness bestows privileges on an Individual and formal duties on society. 3 Currently, most models of illness assume a causal relation between disease and illness†the perceived condition of poor health felt by an individual.Cultural health beliefs and models of illness help determine the perceived importance of symptoms nd the subsequent use of medical resources. 4 The assumption that a specific disease underlies all Illness has led to medicalization of commonly experienced anomalous sensations and often disbelief of patients who present with illness without any demonstrable disease process. Current models of illness Despite their importance, models of illness are rarely explicitly discussed or defined. The often crlt lclsed but nevertheless dominant 20th ton disadvantages of socio medical model BY tool 9586Do biomedical models of illness make for good healthcare systems? Cultural and professional models of illness influence decisions on individual patients disease will result in a return to health. Evidence exists that all three assumptions functioning framework, 1 2 that provides a more comprehensive, less biologically reported symptom constitutes an illness bestows privileges on an individual and disease underlies all illness has led to medicalization of commonly experienced The often criticised but nevertheless dominant 20th

Slavery in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Slavery in America - Essay Example The strength of the agriculture was that it remained the core of the economy and wealth accumulation. In the 1850s, the main advantage of the South was its developing agriculture, which supported the rapid economic growth of the country. Owners of the cotton plantations were interested in cheap labor in order to extend their crop areas. African slaves were the only source of cheap labor supply meeting the needs of growing economy. Africans were strong and able to work long days in the plantations. Also, "Tobacco, cotton, and rice, which require many hands to tend, stimulated slavery" (Chronology on the History of Slavery and Racism, 1999). Another economic cause of slavery was decline in immigrants labor supply connected with changing economic situation and urbanization. Many European immigrants settled in the North or returned to Europe where the processes of urbanization and distribution of wealth were faster than in the South. The North economic development and new wave of industrialization was higher and more stable attracting white immigrants and poor from the South. Industrial development and new production modes required cheap labor supplied from Africa. Another economic factor was importance of trade between Europe and America which demanded rapid industrial and agricultural growth of the Southern and Northern states, and transatlantic slave trade which became the important source of power and wealth accumulation for European and American sl

The achievement of desire Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The achievement of desire - Essay Example The main problem for Rodriguez was that complete cultural assimilation did not take place. However, the predominance of American values, in all institutions but particularly in the workplace and the schools, often placed great pressures on immigrant families, created conflict between family members and sometimes threatened positive identification with their own cultures. In terms of one-way assimilation, Rodriguez was the only member of the family able to assimilate and accept new cultural values and principles (Hollinger 82). However, it is important not to generative too much from these associations. Individuals and families from most countries have arrived over extended periods of time; the experience of early arrivals is often quite different from that of later arrivals, who come to an established community. "There is no trace of his parents' accent in his speech. Instead he approximates the accents of teachers and classmates" (Rodriguez n.d.). In terms of ethnic hierarchy theory, American culture was a dominant one as it reflected values and traditions of the state. In contrast, Mexican culture was seen as a minor one representing immigrants and asylum seekers. In order to success in life, Rodriguez had to choose a dominant culture and its principles value by the majority of society.

Company's Changes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Company's Changes - Essay Example Organizational change can be defined as a conscious effort on the part of the management of change agents of an organization to keep a constant watch on the environmental forces of an organization to audit their impact and influence on the business concerned and to find out actions programs through strategies to maintain the balance between the two different forces. The present study has been conducted in lieu to analyze the various forces influencing the change within an organization; the various factors causing hindrances in the process of change and looks to propose an action plan through which the organization can identify and overcome the forces against change and implement the process of change to achieve the desired organizational objective (McMillan, 2008, p.108). System theory is a particular concept that was initiated from economics, biology and engineering. These aspects used to explore several significant laws and principles, which can be comprehensively, implemented acro ss several organization systems (Burke, 2010, p.61). .On the other hand, complexity theory can be defined as the assessment of diversity or the heterogeneity and several external and internal environment factors, such as customers, departments, socio-politics, suppliers and technology. Most importantly, the complexity organization change theory used to focus on the micro-level parts in a complex organizational system. This theory can be applied after the overall outcome and engagement behaviour. In terms of the specific multinational organization basis on the case study, it is feasible that several operational, marketing and human resource problems are affecting the business performance of the organization. It is feasible from the case study that, the organization is tending to expand their business in retails. Moreover, the organization is focusing on the customer development aspect as they are tending to enter in the global retailing sector (Bell, 2008, p.22). Therefore, it is nec essary for an organization to develop an effective marketing strategy. Moreover, the organization needs to implement effective HR policy n order to provide effective business output. It is feasible from the case study that, the organization is suffering from several problems, such as in adequate establishment of marketing and support activities, lack of flatter and virtual organizational hierarchy and poor HR policy. In order to overcome these issues, the multinational organization needs to implement organizational change in order to achieve the business objective. The major objective of the study is to propose an organizational change process strategy and idea for the specific multinational organization in order to overcome those problematic issues. Moreover, as the organization is tending to enter in the retailing business and trying to establish customer development process in their global business process, therefore, an effective organizational change process is importantly requ ired. Challenges Experienced By Company’s Management and Critical analysis Organizational change is critical to the success of an organization. However there is very little doubt over the fact organizational change is usually inflected by various external and internal challenges. The organization discussed in the present context of the study is also not an exception when it comes to dealing with challenges (Buchanan and Huczynski, 2010, p. 221). One of the major problems faced by the organization is of over capacity. Over capacity is a phenomenon in which

Analysis of Bahrain's Economy's strength and weakness Essay

Analysis of Bahrain's Economy's strength and weakness - Essay Example Crude oil derivatives produced from imported crude oil form a significant part of exports. Many industrial projects are under way. Unemployment {mainly among young Bahrainis}, declining oil reserves and decreasing underground water resources comprise Bahrain’s three main problems with long term implications (Wikipedia.org). The first strength is the realization of the need for maximum oil conservation. It has stabilized its oil production at 6,400 m3 or 40,000 barrels per day with the aim of stretching its oil reserves to 15 years (Wikipedia.org). Secondly, it has realized it cannot depend on oil for long and should diversify its economy. It has made commendable progress in this direction. It is utilizing its idle oil refineries to refine crude oil imported from its giant oil producer neighbors, particularly Saudi Arabia. Its ‘Persian Gulf Petrochemical Company’ is operating as a joint venture between Bahrain, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia, to produce petroleum derivatives methanol and ammonia. ‘Aluminium Bahrain’ is the largest factory of its kind in the world that produces 525,000 metric tons yearly. ‘The Arab Iron and Steel Company’ produces 4 million tons of iron ore pellets. Bahrain has a giant shipbuilding and repair yard that gets lucrative business from the hundreds of oil tankers and commercial ships plying to and from the Gulf nations. Its most commendable diversification is in financing: its impediment-free regulations have attracted more than 100 offshore banking institutions in ad dition to many onshore institutions (Wikipedia.org). Thirdly, it has provided an attractive setting to attract multinational firms. It has a modern infrastructure. Its airport serves 22 international carriers. Its seaports provide direct and regular links to Europe, the Far East and the U.S. It has a state-of-the-art communication network. These facilities have attracted a large number of banks and multinational

Organisational Changes within NHS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Organisational Changes within NHS - Essay Example It aims to promote health by best utilization of the resources, and is keen in introducing frameworks for vertical integration, elective factories, disease management, and APMS. (Integrated models, 2006) the support of the UK government in this regard has been through the introduction of a ten year modernization plan of NHS, (Department of Health, Quality in service, 1998) It would have been a much different picture had it been viewed around five years ago. NHS has been playing its part even before the 1940s, where it gave "universal coverage and overly effective cost containment". (Stevens, 2004) NHS had a very low per capita health in the year 2000, as opposed to Germany, USA, Canada and France. (OECD, 2003) The resulting infrastructure was weak, marked by less health care facilities, both in quality and quantity. Another motivation factor was the increased and high profile reporting of grave medical errors in the UK. (Bristol Royal Infirmary Inquiry Team, 2000) This was mainly found in the hospital sector with factors such as hospital performance data, increased cost of hospital care, and public interest in high tech medicine being the encouraging factors. (MN, 1999) In this regard, the role of primary care as a health care provider is becoming a new area for funding and development. (Roland et al, 1999) C The introduction of proposal to increase the NHS funding by the Blair administration since its election has markedly increased the standards of healthcare in the UK. Campbell (2005) has also given positive feedback on the state of development of health care in the UK. In his study regarding improvements in healthcare quality in general health care practice, he observes a rise in the status of health care from the years 1998-2003.(Campbell,2005). His study was based on the three major chronic health care services, i.e. chronic heart disease, asthma and Type II diabetes. He appreciates the role NHS has played in this regard. (Campbell, 2005) NHS has been lauded for achieving its goals regarding patient waiting lists, cardiac surgery or A and E, as well as many small innovations in improving the overall condition of the institution. (Transition arrangements in NHS, 2006) In line with promoting the developments taking place, the introduction of integration models is one sector actively pursued and evaluated. The models that have been suggested are hospital integration of primary health care and disease management, primary care integration to divide load of hospitals onto practices, localities or APMS providers, or medical group practice models. (Integrated models of health care delivery, 2006) The introduction of the afore mentioned contributions as well as suggestions for new systems all promise a further acceleration in the progress of health care facilities in the UK. It is therefore important to highlight these efforts so as to attain a better assessment of the progress carried out in this regard. The planning and implementation of the long term strategies comes under the care of the NSFs, or National Service Frameworks, part of the NHS. The NSFs plans "strategies and measurable goals within set time frames."(NSFs, 2006) NSF works in alliance with ERGs, or External Reference Groups, which combine the various aspects of health care

Fiji Water Analysis Essay Example for Free

Fiji Water Analysis Essay Introduction Corporations like FIJI Water are forced into having Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Corporate Social Responsibility is the idea that businesses need to give back to society as much as they take away. Although companies like FIJI Water produce some type of product for consumers, in this circumstance water, they are compelled to give back as much as they take away. The issue companies have to deal with is whether they really have CSR, or if they are just green washing to make people believe they are socially responsible. â€Å"The 10th Edition of the Concise Oxford English Dictionary recognizes the word â€Å"greenwash,† defining it as, â€Å"’Disinformation disseminated by an organization so as to present an environmentally responsible public image.†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Environmentalist make it their job to eliminate any green washing by bringing to light companies negative impact on society and proving outrageous claims to be over exaggerated or completely false. Environmentalists compel companies to reduce, if not eliminate their carbon footprint on society through exposing how wasteful they are to society. Every company in order to be successful has to recognize this issue and do their best to resolve it, otherwise their company will tank. Companies like FIJI Water have to walk the fine line of CSR and green washing. FIJI Water LLC, has proved to be a tough competitor in the market of selling bottled water. They have overcome trials and set-backs and have kept their image of a premium quality brand of water. They have done their very best to become socially responsible over the years and had to use the idea of green washing to exploit their product. How FIJI Water Came to Be FIJI Water was started in 1996 by David Gilmour, one-time partner in Clairtone Sound Corporation Limited. FIJI Water is a U.S.-based business and brand of bottled water derived, bottled, and shipped from the Fiji Islands. It is available in 330ml, 500ml, 1 liter and 1.5 liter bottles.  According to marketing materials, the water comes from an artesian aquifer in the Yaqara Valley of Viti Levu. A good way to identify what FIJI Water is all about is in their mission statement which reads, â€Å"FIJI Water, the world’s finest water, is committed to quality and excellence in our product, people, profitability, and strategic partners. We are dedicated to communicating the passion and unique properties of our brand to consumers worldwide and continuing to invest in the future while preserving and cherishing the pristine source.† They have marketed their product towards wealthy people who could afford to pay more to drink water. Their main marketing drive was that the product was far from pollution, acid rain, and industrial waste in the island nation of Fiji. The way their product differed from other water bottling companies is that the FIJI Water was drawn from an artesian aquifer that lies hundreds of feet below a primitive rainforest. The idea being that distance and isolation is part of what makes FIJI Water so much purer and richer in taste than other bottled waters. Corporate Social Responsibility FIJI Water has a few marketing and CSR campaigns to help address the issue of social responsibility and to give their product more attention. FIJI water was seen as being extremely wasteful. To take a naturally occurring product like water and use the resources to ship it half way across the world was thought to be â€Å"water insanity†. â€Å"In response to this protest, the company launched a new promotion campaign under a slogan â€Å"every drop is green,† only to be immediately accused by environmentalist groups of engaging in green washing activities.† At the same time that this was happening, FIJI focused on its contributions to the local communities in Fiji. As environmentalists’ criticism increased over the years, FIJI Water LLC launched a â€Å"carbon negative campaign, claiming that it was the first bottle water company to release carbon footprint of its products.† This was part of their push towards the slogan â€Å"every drop is green†. The Company estimated its total annual carbon footprint at 85,396 metric tons of CO2eq.  They were also able to calculate their carbon emissions at each stage of the product from production to distribution. They started at the production of raw material to running the plant, to getting it to the markets, to even refrigerating the product. It did this to try and eliminate as much carbon footprints as possible. The VP of the company, Mooney, argued that, â€Å"the only way consumers can turn their environmental intentions into good decisions is to give them the information they need regarding the emissions with the products they buy.† This made customers aware that they were actively looking at their operations and doing something about it. To most people, it didn’t really matter what, as long as they were trying. Sustainability The results of their work were impressive. They were able to accomplish the following: reduction in packaging by 20 percent, supplying 50 percent of the energy used at its bottling plant with renewable energy, optimizing logistics to be more carbon-efficient in transportation, restoring grasslands in the Yaqara Valley by planting trees, and supporting recycling programs for plastic PET bottles. With their new image as a socially responsible company they were more sustainable in the fact that they were giving back. They summed up their operations in a PR pitch: a sale of every bottle of FIJI Water would result in a net reduction of carbon in the atmosphere! The question remains, are they giving back enough? To ship a naturally occurring product half way across the world seems pretty ridiculous to those who care about our earth’s resources being wasted. Green Washing Conservation group didn’t buy it. This absurd claim, along with â€Å"every drop is green† was green washing at its finest so they thought. In Section 53 of the Commonwealth Trade Practices Act 1974 it prohibits a corporation from representing that â€Å"goods or services have sponsorship, approval, performance characteristics, accessories, uses or benefits they do not have.† They were in direct violation of this. The Greenwash Brigade were some of the most professional environmentalist that were known for exposing this kind of  behavior. In June 2008, they published an article titled â€Å"Fiji Water by the numbers,† which summarized the terrible environmental impact of the company. Some facts that came out of that were that there were 5,500 miles per trip from Fiji to Los Angeles, 46 million gallons of fossil fuel, 1.3 billion gallons of water used, 216 million pounds of greenhouse gases emitted. These were staggering amounts of energy, water, and fuel being used, especially for something that is naturally occurring! The Impact of the Nay-Sayers These conservationists had a big impact on the company in forming who they are today. Without bringing this information to light, nothing would be changed. They would just fly under the radar without being criticized. We need the nay-sayers to motivate companies to change so they won’t use up our limited resources. The fact of the matter is that every drop of FIJI Water is not green, every drop is imported! These environmentalist help prevent green washing and provide important research behind their accusations of companies. In 2007, Pablo Paster, an engineer and MBA, undertook a thorough and exhaustive study of the cost of bringing a liter of FIJI Water to America. His study found that, â€Å"In summary, the transport of that one kilogram bottle of Fiji water consumed 26.88 kilograms of water (7.1 gallons), .849 kilograms of fossil fuel (one liter or .26 gallons) and emitted 562 grams of Greenhouse Gases (1.2 pounds).† One can only imagine the effect that has on our en vironment. Conclusion Overall, Fiji was able to show flexibility in changing for the times. They established credibility among the community through addressing concerns of others. At first they tried to hide from the answers needed by consumers and conservationists and even used some green washing to help get their product through the tough, trying times. They used the idea of green washing to their benefit by making outrageous claims that had to be proven false initially, but in time they held to it as best they could. They had to be vague at first, but later specified their goal in operations. Comparatively to most companies, FIJI Water has a great Corporate Social Responsibility in that they have done significant things to try and eliminate their carbon footprint through efficiency and planting more trees. Going forward, the company will have a hard time living up to becoming a carbon negative company. They need to keep on their path of fulfilling promises made to invest in renewable energy equipment and to off-set that with continuing to plant trees abroad. FIJI Water has especially helped the local community surrounding Fiji. They have established good CSR with the five neighboring villages. They have supported children’s educations in helping them get a good start. In pre-schools they have provided equipment, educational material, teacher training and other support. In March 2002, the company voluntarily established an independently administrated community development trust fund and allocated FJ$275,000 to it. That is a great use of their resources. They also support village projects to improve hygiene and sanitation as well as provide portable drinking water. FIJI Water is a benefit to society as a whole. They have used their resources to give back to our planet and help others in need. More [ 1 ]. James McMaster and Jan Nowak, â€Å"FIJI Water and Corporate Social Responsibility – Green Makeover or â€Å"Greenwashing†?, May 2009, Ivey Management Services. [ 2 ]. N.A., â€Å"FIJI Water,† http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiji_Water#History, 2012. [ 3 ]. N.A., â€Å"Mission Statement,† http://www.fijiwater.com/company/company-timeline/, N.D. [ 4 ]. Ibid. [ 5 ]. James McMaster and Jan Nowak, â€Å"FIJI Water and Corporate Social Responsibility – Green Makeover or â€Å"Greenwashing†?, May 2009, Ivey Management Services. [ 6 ]. â€Å"FIJI Water Becomes First Bottled Water Company to Release Carbon Footprint of Its Products,† April 9, 2008, www.bevnet.com [ 7 ]. Ibid. [ 8 ]. Ibid. [ 9 ]. â€Å"FIJI Water Becomes First Bottled Water Company to Release Carbon Footprint of Its Products,† FIJI Water Press Release, Los Angeles, April 9, 2008, www.bevnet.com. [ 10 ]. James McMaster and Jan Nowak, â€Å"FIJI Water and Corporate Social Responsibility – Green Makeover or â€Å"Greenwashing†?, May 2009, Ivey Management Services. [ 11 ]. Heidi Sigelbaum, â€Å"Fiji Water by the numbers,† June 6, 2008. [ 12 ]. www.treehugger.com/files/2007/02/pablo_calculate.php [ 13 ]. McMaster and Nowak, â€Å"Natural Waters of Viti Limited – Pioneering a New Industry in the Fiji Islands.†